453 lines
12 KiB
Markdown
453 lines
12 KiB
Markdown
# Notification Service — 设计规格
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## 概述
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纯 Go 实现的通知服务。上游业务系统通过 webhook 推送消息，服务匹配规则、渲染模板、路由到多渠道发送。
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**核心三层关系：**
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```
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source 1──N rule
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template 1──N rule
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rule N──M channel (via rule_channel)
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```
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## 技术栈
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| 层 | 选型 |
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|----|------|
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| 语言 | Go 1.22+ |
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| HTTP 框架 | gin-gonic/gin |
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| 数据库驱动 | go-sql-driver/mysql |
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| SQL 工具 | jmoiron/sqlx |
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| 模板引擎 | text/template (标准库) |
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| 缓存 | go-redis/redis |
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| 配置 | viper |
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| 日志 | slog (标准库) |
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| 迁移 | golang-migrate |
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**外部依赖：** MySQL 8.0、Redis 7
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**部署形态：** Docker 容器化 (docker-compose)，最终镜像 ~12MB
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---
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## 架构
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```
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notification-service (Go)
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│
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├── cmd/server/main.go ← 入口
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├── internal/
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│ ├── handler/ ← HTTP Handler (gin)
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│ │ ├── notify.go ← POST /api/v1/notify (上游调用)
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│ │ ├── source.go ← CRUD /api/v1/sources
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│ │ ├── template.go ← CRUD /api/v1/templates
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│ │ ├── channel.go ← CRUD /api/v1/channels
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│ │ └── rule.go ← CRUD /api/v1/rules + 开关控制
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│ │
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│ ├── engine/ ← 核心引擎
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│ │ ├── matcher.go ← source + event → rule 匹配
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│ │ ├── renderer.go ← Go template 渲染
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│ │ └── router.go ← rule → channels 路由
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│ │
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│ ├── adapter/ ← 渠道适配器
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│ │ ├── adapter.go ← ChannelSender 接口
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│ │ ├── dingtalk.go ← 钉钉 webhook
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│ │ ├── wecom.go ← 企业微信机器人
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│ │ ├── email.go ← SMTP 邮件
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│ │ └── bark.go ← Bark HTTP
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│ │
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│ ├── model/ ← 数据模型
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│ ├── store/ ← MySQL 访问层
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│ └── cache/ ← Redis 缓存层
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│
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├── config/config.yaml
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├── migrations/
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├── Dockerfile
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├── docker-compose.yml
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└── go.mod
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```
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---
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## 数据模型
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### source（来源系统）
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| 列 | 类型 | 说明 |
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|----|------|------|
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| id | INT PK | |
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| name | VARCHAR(64) UNIQUE | trading-system |
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| api_key | VARCHAR(128) UNIQUE | 通知 API 鉴权 token，创建 source 时自动生成 |
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| parse_mode | VARCHAR(16) DEFAULT 'json' | json / regex / text（text=直接透传 body 到模板） |
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| parse_pattern | VARCHAR(512) | regex 模式（含命名分组），parse_mode=regex 时必填 |
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| status | TINYINT | 1=启用 0=禁用 |
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### template（模板）
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| 列 | 类型 | 说明 |
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|----|------|------|
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| id | INT PK | |
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| name | VARCHAR(64) UNIQUE | trade_open |
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| content | TEXT | Go template 语法，markdown/纯文本 |
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### channel（渠道配置）
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| 列 | 类型 | 说明 |
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|----|------|------|
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| id | INT PK | |
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| name | VARCHAR(32) UNIQUE | dingtalk-prod |
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| type | VARCHAR(32) | dingtalk / wecom / email / bark |
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| config | JSON | 渠道特定配置 (webhook URL 等) |
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| status | TINYINT | 1=启用 0=禁用 |
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### rule（规则 — 核心绑定）
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| 列 | 类型 | 说明 |
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|----|------|------|
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| id | INT PK | |
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| source_id | INT FK→source | |
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| event | VARCHAR(64) | trade.open / error / order.created |
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| template_id | INT FK→template | |
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| conditions | JSON | 过滤条件数组，null=不过滤。例: `[{"field":"symbol","op":"exists"}]` |
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| enabled | TINYINT | 1=启用 0=禁用 |
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| UNIQUE | (source_id, event) | 每个 source 下 event 唯一 |
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**条件操作符：** `eq` / `ne` / `gt` / `gte` / `lt` / `lte` / `exists` / `not_exists` / `contains`
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多个条件 AND 关系，全部满足才转发。
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### rule_channel（规则-渠道关联 — 独立开关）
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| 列 | 类型 | 说明 |
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|----|------|------|
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| id | INT PK | |
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| rule_id | INT FK→rule | ON DELETE CASCADE |
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| channel_id | INT FK→channel | |
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| enabled | TINYINT | 每条规则下每个渠道可独立开关 |
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| UNIQUE | (rule_id, channel_id) | |
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### message_log（消息记录 — 排查用）
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| 列 | 类型 | 说明 |
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|----|------|------|
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| id | BIGINT PK | |
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| rule_id | INT | |
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| channel_id | INT | |
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| source | VARCHAR(64) | 冗余，方便查询 |
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| event | VARCHAR(64) | 冗余，方便查询 |
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| payload | JSON | 原始请求 data |
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| content | TEXT | 渲染后内容 |
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| status | ENUM | pending/success/failed/retrying |
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| retry_count | INT | |
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| response | TEXT | 渠道返回 |
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| error_msg | TEXT | |
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| created_at | DATETIME | |
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---
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## API 设计
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### 认证
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- **通知接口**：`Authorization: Bearer <source.api_key>` — 通过 api_key 识别来源系统
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- 管理接口：`Authorization: Bearer <admin_key>` — 全局管理 Key
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- **Content-Type 不限** — source.parse_mode 决定如何解析 body：
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- `json`: body 按 JSON 解析，`event` 取自 JSON 字段
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- `regex`: body 按正则解析，命名分组提取字段，`event` 需在 body 中显式提供
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- `text`: body 原样透传到模板（模板引用 `.Body`）
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### 通知接口
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**JSON 模式（parse_mode=json）：**
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```
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POST /api/v1/notify
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Authorization: Bearer <source_api_key>
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Content-Type: application/json
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{
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"event": "trade.open",
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"data": {
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"symbol": "BTC",
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"price": 65000
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}
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}
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```
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**Regex 模式（parse_mode=regex，parse_pattern 定义提取规则）：**
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```
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POST /api/v1/notify
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Authorization: Bearer <source_api_key>
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Content-Type: text/plain
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BTC 开仓 价格:65000 方向:多
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```
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**Text 模式（parse_mode=text，body 直接给模板）：**
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```
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POST /api/v1/notify
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Authorization: Bearer <source_api_key>
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Content-Type: text/plain
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🚀 BTC 突破 68000，请注意风险
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```
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**响应：**
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```
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Response 200 (匹配且通过条件):
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{
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"matched": true,
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"channels": ["dingtalk", "email"],
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"accepted": true
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}
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Response 200 (匹配但条件不满足):
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{ "matched": true, "filtered": true, "reason": "condition not met" }
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Response 200 (无匹配规则):
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{ "matched": false }
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Response 401:
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{ "error": "unauthorized" }
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Response 429:
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{ "error": "rate_limit_exceeded", "message": "...", "retry_after": 1 }
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```
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### 管理 API
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```
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来源:
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POST /api/v1/sources
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GET /api/v1/sources
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GET /api/v1/sources/:id
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PUT /api/v1/sources/:id
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DELETE /api/v1/sources/:id
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模板:
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POST /api/v1/templates
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GET /api/v1/templates
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GET /api/v1/templates/:id
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PUT /api/v1/templates/:id
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DELETE /api/v1/templates/:id
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渠道:
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POST /api/v1/channels
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GET /api/v1/channels
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GET /api/v1/channels/:id
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PUT /api/v1/channels/:id
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DELETE /api/v1/channels/:id
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规则:
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POST /api/v1/rules
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GET /api/v1/rules
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GET /api/v1/rules/:id
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PUT /api/v1/rules/:id
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DELETE /api/v1/rules/:id
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PATCH /api/v1/rules/:id/enable
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PATCH /api/v1/rules/:id/disable
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PATCH /api/v1/rules/:id/channels/:channel_id/enable
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PATCH /api/v1/rules/:id/channels/:channel_id/disable
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消息记录:
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GET /api/v1/message-logs?source=&event=&status=&page=1&page_size=20
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```
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### 关键请求示例
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**创建渠道：**
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```json
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POST /api/v1/channels
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{
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"name": "dingtalk-prod",
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"type": "dingtalk",
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"config": {
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"webhook_url": "https://oapi.dingtalk.com/robot/send?access_token=xxx",
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"secret": "SEC..."
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}
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}
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```
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**创建规则（带条件过滤）：**
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```json
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POST /api/v1/rules
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{
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"source_name": "trading-system",
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"event": "trade.open",
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"template_name": "trade_open",
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"channels": ["dingtalk", "email"],
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"conditions": [
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{"field": "symbol", "op": "exists"},
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{"field": "price", "op": "gt", "value": "0"}
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]
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}
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```
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**创建 source（Regex 解析模式）：**
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```json
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POST /api/v1/sources
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{
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"name": "legacy-monitor",
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"parse_mode": "regex",
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"parse_pattern": "(?P<event>\\w+)\\s+(?P<message>.+)"
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}
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```
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---
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## 核心执行流程
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```
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POST /api/v1/notify
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│
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▼
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1. 鉴权 ── api_key 反查 source → source_id + parse_mode + parse_pattern
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key 无效 → 401
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│
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▼
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2. 消息解析 ── 根据 source.parse_mode:
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json: body → JSON decode → event + data
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regex: body → regex 匹配 → 命名分组 → data map
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text: body → .Body 字段
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│
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▼
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3. 规则匹配 ── 缓存: notify:rule:{source_id}:{event}
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miss → SELECT * FROM rule WHERE source_id=? AND event=? AND enabled=1
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无匹配 → 200 {matched: false}
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│
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▼
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4. 条件过滤 ── 检查 rule.conditions (如果非空)
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对每条 condition 求值 (eq/ne/gt/lt/exists/contains...)
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任一不满足 → 200 {matched: true, filtered: true}
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│
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▼
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5. 模板渲染 ── Go text/template 渲染 template.content + 解析后的 data
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失败 → 422 {error: "template render failed"}
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│
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▼
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6. 查找渠道 ── 缓存: notify:channels:{rule_id}
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miss → SELECT * FROM rule_channel WHERE rule_id=? AND enabled=1
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无可用渠道 → 200 {matched: true, sent: 0}
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│
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▼
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7. 并发发送 ── 每个渠道 goroutine 异步发送
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记录 message_log
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失败 → 重试队列 (3次, 指数退避 1s/5s/30s)
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│
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▼
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8. 立即返回 200 {matched: true, channels: [...], accepted: true}
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```
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---
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## 渠道适配器
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```go
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type ChannelSender interface {
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Type() string
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Send(title, content string, config json.RawMessage) error
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}
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```
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| 渠道 | 协议 | 备注 |
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|------|------|------|
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| 钉钉 | POST webhook | 签名计算 + markdown 消息体 |
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| 企业微信 | POST webhook | markdown/json 消息体 |
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| 邮件 | SMTP | net/smtp 标准库，支持 TLS |
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| Bark | POST HTTP | title + body POST 到设备 URL |
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新增渠道：实现 ChannelSender 接口 + 工厂注册一行。
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---
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## 缓存策略
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| Key | 内容 | TTL | 失效 |
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|-----|------|-----|------|
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| `notify:rule:{source_id}:{event}` | rule_id + template_id + template_content | 5min | 规则/模板 CUD 时主动删除 |
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| `notify:channels:{rule_id}` | [channel_id, type, config] | 5min | 规则-渠道变更时主动删除 |
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模式：Cache-Aside，管理 API 做 CUD 时主动失效，不依赖 TTL 被动过期。
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---
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## 限流 & 重试
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**限流：**
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- Per-source 限流，默认 100 req/s
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- Redis 滑动窗口: `ratelimit:{source_id}:{window}` 1秒窗口
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- 超限返回 429 + Retry-After
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**重试：**
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- 异步发送失败 → 内存重试队列
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- 最多 3 次，退避 1s → 5s → 30s
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- 3 次全失败 → message_log.status = 'failed'
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- 后续可扩展为 Redis 死信队列 + 手动重发 API
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---
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## 配置
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```yaml
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server:
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port: 8080
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admin_key: "admin-sk-xxx"
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database:
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host: mysql
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port: 3306
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user: notify
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password: ${DB_PASSWORD}
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database: notification
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redis:
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host: redis
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port: 6379
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smtp:
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host: smtp.example.com
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port: 587
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user: notify@example.com
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password: ${SMTP_PASSWORD}
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rate_limit:
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default: 100
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```
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---
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## 部署
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**docker-compose.yml:**
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```yaml
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services:
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mysql:
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image: mysql:8.0
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redis:
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image: redis:7-alpine
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api:
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build: .
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ports: ["8080:8080"]
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depends_on: [mysql, redis]
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```
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**Dockerfile:** 多阶段构建 (golang:1.22-alpine → alpine:3.20)，最终镜像 ~12MB。
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---
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## v1 范围
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- [x] Source/Template/Channel/Rule CRUD 管理 API
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- [x] POST /api/v1/notify 核心通知接口
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- [x] 消息解析：JSON / Regex / Text 三种模式
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- [x] 规则条件过滤（eq/ne/gt/lt/exists/not_exists/contains）
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- [x] API Key 鉴权（source 用 source key，管理用 admin key）
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- [x] 4 个渠道：钉钉、企业微信、邮件、Bark
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- [x] Go template 渲染
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- [x] 规则级 + 规则-渠道级开关控制
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- [x] 异步发送 + 3 次指数退避重试
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- [x] Redis 缓存规则和渠道配置
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- [x] Per-source 限流
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- [x] message_log 消息记录
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- [x] Docker 部署
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